Binary is a base-2 number system that uses two states 0 and 1 to represent a number. We can also call it to be a true state and a false state. A binary number is built the same way as we build the normal decimal number.
In this section, you will see how computers perform the four basic arithmetic operations internally with binary numbers. Actually, binary arithmetic is simpler to learn because binary number system deals with only two digits -0 and 1. Since all binary numbers are made up of only 0s and 1s, when arithmetic operations are performed on these numbers the results are also in 0s and 1s.
In this final section of the Binary Tutorial you will learn how to easily perform binary arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) by hand. Binary arithmetic is one of those skills which you probably won't use very often. It can be very useful to know however. These processes are often stepping stones to more complex processes which can do very powerful things. Fortunately, they are not too difficult so with a bit of practice you'll be off and running in no time.
There are many calculators now which can do binary arithmetic for you. Just about every desktop OS, smart phone and tablet has one built in or one can easily be aquired. It is perfectly fine to use the calculator but we should know how to do it by hand as well. This will give us a much better understanding as to what is actually happening. That understanding is important in order to understand how certain mechanisms work (especially in computing). My recommnedation is to practice on paper by hand but use the calculator to verify your working.